Putting an end to the ongoing political and military conflict in Libya requires effectively dealing with one of the major security threats: militias and armed groups. In light of the weak structural nature of the Libyan state, the acute military and political contentions and the challenges it faces (Libya has become a hub for terrorism and illegal immigration), militias in Libya must be assimilated and reintegrated into the state structures. The paper examines what are the criteria for militia institutionalisation and integration into the state structure, who are the main militias in Libya that could be institutionalized, how the integration experiences applied in Libya so far could be evaluated, and what are the challenges and obstacles to militia integration in Libya.